A Juristic Analysis of Advance Rental (Pagri) and Insurance Policies in the Light of Tafsir Burhan al-Qur’an” پگڑی، انشورنس اور بیمہ پالیسی کے فقہی مباحث کا تفسیر برہان القرآن کی روشنی میں تجزیہ

الملخص

This article explores contemporary Islamic jurisprudential perspectives on economic instruments such as Pagri (advance rent or security deposits), property insurance, insurance policies, and prize bonds. Qari Tayyib Naqshbandi highlights the necessity of examining these financial practices in light of Quranic injunctions against unlawful consumption of others’ wealth, emphasizing that modern commercial practices must be assessed according to Sharia principles of justice, transparency, and mutual consent. The discussion on Pagri demonstrates that while some forms may be impermissible, others—such as advance payments for a defined rental period or security deposits—are permissible when clearly agreed upon and documented. Conditions for the protection of both landlords and tenants are elaborated to prevent disputes and financial or psychological harm. The article further examines property insurance and similar financial instruments, presenting the divergent scholarly views on their permissibility. Critics argue that insurance often involves elements of uncertainty (gharar) and may indirectly support interest-based activities, while proponents contend that insurance functions as a protective mechanism, akin to hiring a security service, providing financial compensation for potential losses without guaranteeing profit. Naqshbandi clarifies that insurance transactions do not fall under riba (usury), as they involve compensatory arrangements rather than loans with fixed or excessive returns. He emphasizes the importance of mutual consent, clear contractual terms, and ethical responsibility in ensuring that these practices align with Sharia objectives. Through balanced analysis, the article highlights the nuanced nature of modern financial instruments and their potential permissibility within Islamic law when structured according to principles of fairness and social welfare. It calls for contemporary scholars to engage actively with evolving economic realities to provide practical guidance that maintains Sharia compliance while addressing the needs of modern society.