The Compassionate Diplomat: Prophet Muhammad’s (Peace Be Upon Him) Approach to Interfaith Relations

Abstract

This paper explores the Islamic perspective on interfaith relations as modeled by Prophet Muhammad (Peace Be Upon Him). Emphasizing the sociable nature inherent to humans as described in Islamic teachings, the discourse underscores the role of all prophets, culminating with Prophet Muhammad (Peace Be Upon Him), in advocating for peace and mutual respect across diverse religious groups. The text elaborates on the Quranic directive that guides Muslims in maintaining decorum in their interactions with non-Muslims, urging adherence to an ordained path of behavior while avoiding the influence of those lacking true knowledge. Central to the discussion is the classification of interactions between Muslims and non-believers into three main categories: alliances, which are strictly prohibited; cordiality, which is permissible to avoid harm, encourage guidance, or honor guests; and charity, advised against only in the context of conflict with enemies. This framework highlights Islam's balanced approach to fostering respect and tolerance among different faith communities without compromising the core principles of the religion. The paper advocates for further research to compare these Islamic interfaith principles with those of other major religions, assess their application in various historical and contemporary contexts, and explore their sociological impacts on global peace and community integration. Through such scholarly endeavors, the universal and inclusive nature of Islamic teachings on interfaith relations can be more profoundly understood and appreciated.